Estimating the starting time and identifying the type of urbanization based on dense time series of landsat-derived Vegetation-Impervious-Soil (V-I-S) maps – A case study of North Taiwan from 1990 to 2015     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Land cover and land use change (LCLUC) is a global phenomenon, and LCLUC in urbanizing regions has substantial impacts on humans and their environments. In this paper, a semi-automatic approach to identifying the type and starting time of urbanization was developed and tested based on dense time series of Vegetation-Impervious-Soil (V-I-S) maps derived from Landsat surface reflectance imagery. The accuracy of modeled V-I-S fractions and the estimated time of initial change in impervious cover were assessed. North Taiwan, one of the regions of the island of Taiwan that experienced the greatest urban LCLUC, was chosen as a test area, and the study period is 1990 to 2015, a period of substantial urbanization. In total, 295 dates of Landsat imagery were used to create 295 V-I-S fraction maps that were used to construct fractional cover time series for each pixel. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)s for the modeled Vegetation, Impervious, and Soil were 25 %, 22 %, 24 % respectively. The time of Urban Expansion is estimated by logistic regression applied to Impervious cover time series, while the time of change for Urban Renewal is determined by the period of brief Soil exposure. The identified location and estimated time for newly urbanized lands were generally accurate, with 80% of Urban Expansion estimated within ±2.4 years. However, the accuracy of identified Urban Renewal was relatively low. Our approach to identifying Urban Expansion with dense time series of Landsat imagery is shown to be reliable, while Urban Renewal identification is not.  相似文献   

联合GPS和GRACE数据分析陕甘宁地区地表垂直形变     

郭飞霄  谷延超  崔阳  孙中苗 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(7):697-703

采用甘肃省CORS网和中国大陆构造环境监测网络中共48个台站的GPS观测数据，解算得到观测台站的垂直位移，并与GRACE时变重力场Mascon模型解CSR RL05M数据计算得到的垂直形变进行比较，分析区域地表垂直形变特征。结果表明，研究区内台站垂直形变存在局部特征，甘肃庆阳和平凉地区垂直形变与其他地区存在明显差异，相关系数、均方根减少量和周年信号减少量均高于其他地区；扣除趋势项后，观测台站GPS垂直位移与GRACE垂直形变时间序列相关系数均值为0.72，GPS和GRACE周年信号振幅均值分别为6.00 mm和3.70 mm，周年信号减少量和均方根误差减少量均值分别为0.51和0.29；研究区内GPS垂直位移和GRACE垂直形变时间序列一致性较强，GRACE垂直形变能有效解释50%以上的GPS垂直位移周年信号，GPS垂直位移时间序列包含的非构造形变中平均约29%来源于环境负载变化所引起的负荷形变。  相似文献   

基于EMD方法的地心运动时间序列分析     

乔灵娜  赵春梅  马天明 《测绘通报》2019,(2):6-11

针对时间序列混有的高频信息会影响地心运动规律分析的问题，采用网平移法对IGS提供的GNSS周解进行解算，得到2007-2017年地心运动时间序列，对其进行分解重构，剔除高频项，并利用重构时序对地心运动规律作进一步分析探讨。结果表明：本文解算的地心运动在T_x、T_y和T_z方向的精度均为毫米级。EMD方法重构的时序保留了原序列的基本信息，且抑制了高频项的影响，提高了周期贡献率，3个方向的贡献率分别提高了12.3%、16.7%及6.3%。通过分析重构后的时序发现，周年项振幅为各周期对应振幅的最大值，分别为2.32、1.89和2.07 mm；T_y和T_z方向长期变化趋势较T_x更为明显，分别为0.13和-0.27 mm/a；半年项较小，且在T_x和T_y方向上具有时变性。此外，还发现了一些其他较小的年际变化。  相似文献   

Developing a comprehensive evaluation method for Interconnected River System Network assessment: A case study in Tangxun Lake group     

Yang  Wei  Zhang  Liping  Zhang  Yanjun  Li  Zongli  Xiao  Yi  Xia  Jun 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(3):389-405

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The Interconnected River System Network (IRSN) plays a crucial role in water resource allocation, water ecological restoration and water quality improvement. It...  相似文献   

新疆绿洲城镇组群内部经济联系及空间差异测度研究          下载免费PDF全文

李雪梅 《干旱区地理》2019,42(1):180-186

绿洲城镇组群是新疆特殊区域形成的规模相对较小的单一中心空间自组织模式。运用城市中心性指数、城市经济联系模型和Theil系数对新疆八大绿洲城镇组群内部城镇中心性、经济联系及空间差异测度。结果显示：绿洲城镇组群内部的中心城市的中心性职能较强，周边城镇的中心性职能相对较弱，形成了单中心的空间自组织模式；绿洲城镇组群内部经济联系量和经济联系隶属度大小的排序一致，离中心城市的距离越近、经济发展水平越高，经济联系隶属度越高；近10 a年来绿洲城镇组群的整体空间差异一直在扩大，且呈现出继续扩大趋势。在此基础上，提出了建立区域合作协调机制、明确城镇组群发展方向、增强中心城市的辐射带动作用、实现产业合理分工以及构建制度保障体系促进绿洲城镇组群的协同发展。  相似文献   

基于时间序列遥感数据的嵯岗国家沙化土地封禁保护成效评估     

田海静  孙涛  刘旭升  孔祥吉 《中国沙漠》2019,39(3):155-162

2013年中国启动实施了内蒙古自治区新巴尔虎左旗嵯岗国家沙化土地封禁保护区试点。本研究利用2001—2017年生长季NDVI数据分析了嵯岗封禁保护区及周边区域植被长势时空演变特征，分析了多年的生长季降水量和历年旱情，之后利用植被降水利用效率和NDVI残差趋势分析对保护成效进行了评估。结果表明：（1）封禁项目实施之前，封禁区内外植被长势变化趋势基本一致，而在项目实施后的2016、2017年，封禁区内NDVI距平明显高于封禁区外；（2）降水为影响该区域植被长势的主导气候因素，在封禁实施后的2015—2017年该区域连续3 a干旱，极大地限制了区域植被生长；（3）封禁区内植被降水利用效率和NDVI残差均呈现明显的增加趋势，而封禁区外变化不明显，说明封禁提升了植被的自我修复能力；（4）嵯岗封禁保护区由3个地块组成，其中嵯岗林场封禁效果比牧场八队和牧场十一队明显。国家沙化土地封禁保护措施有效促进了植被自我修复，提高了沙漠生态系统应对气候变化的能力。  相似文献   

A natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system in the Qilian Mountain permafrost area,northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau     

《China Geology》2020,3(4):511-523

Natural gas hydrate, oil and gas were all found together in the Qilian Mountain permafrost area, northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. They are closely associated with each other in space, but whether they are in any genetic relations are unknown yet. In this paper, a hydrocarbon gas-generation series, gas-fluid migration series and hydrocarbon gas-accumulation series are analyzed to probe the spatial, temporal and genetic relationships among natural natural gas hydrate, oil and gas. The subsequent results show that natural gas hydrate, oil and gas actually form a natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system. Based on the Middle Jurassic and the Upper Triassic hydrocarbon gas-generation series, it is divided into four major sub-systems in the study area: (1) A conventional Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system with peak hydrocarbon gas-generation in the late Middle Jurassic; (2) a conventional Middle Jurassic oil-bearing sub-system with low to mature hydrocarbon gas-generation in the late Middle Jurassic; (3) a natural gas hydrate sub-system with main gas source from the Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system and minor gas source from the Middle Jurassic oil-bearing sub-system as well as little gas source from the Middle Jurassic coal-bed gas and the microbial gas; (4) a shallower gas sub-system with microbial alteration of the main gas source from the Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system. This natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system and its sub-systems are not only theoretical but also practical, and thus they will play an important role in the further exploration of natural gas hydrate, oil and gas, even other energy resources in the study area.  相似文献   

Solution for a plane strain rough‐walled hydraulic fracture driven by turbulent fluid through impermeable rock          下载免费PDF全文

N. Zolfaghari  E. Dontsov  A. P. Bunger 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(4):587-617

The impact of turbulent flow on plane strain fluid‐driven crack propagation is an important but still poorly understood consideration in hydraulic fracture modeling. The changes that hydraulic fracturing has experienced over the past decade, especially in the area of fracturing fluids, have played a major role in the transition of the typical fluid regime from laminar to turbulent flow. Motivated by the increasing preponderance of high‐rate, water‐driven hydraulic fractures with high Reynolds number, we present a semianalytical solution for the propagation of a plane strain hydraulic fracture driven by a turbulent fluid in an impermeable formation. The formulation uses a power law relationship between the Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor and the scale of the fracture roughness, where one specific manifestation of this generalized friction factor is the classical Gauckler‐Manning‐Strickler approximation for turbulent flow in a rough‐walled channel. Conservation of mass, elasticity, and crack propagation are also solved simultaneously. We obtain a semianalytical solution using an orthogonal polynomial series. An approximate closed‐form solution is enabled by a choice of orthogonal polynomials embedding the near‐tip asymptotic behavior and thus giving very rapid convergence; a precise solution is obtained with 2 terms of the series. By comparison with numerical simulations, we show that the transition region between the laminar and turbulent regimes can be relatively small so that full solutions can often be well approximated by either a fully laminar or fully turbulent solution.  相似文献   

福建及其邻区背景噪声面波群速度层析成像     

张丽娜  罗艳  陈智勇  谢志招  周蓝捷  曾祥方 《地震》2018,38(3):134-143

基于福建及邻区108个宽频带地震台站2016年6月到7月两个月垂直和水平分量波形连续记录, 利用相位加权叠加算法提高信噪比, 计算得到108个台站对的高质量经验格林函数。 对所获取的经验格林函数, 采用时频分析的方法在1~20 s频段内量取了大量高质量的Rayleigh波和Love波群速度频散数据。 在此基础上, 采用基于射线追踪的二维层析成像方法反演得到了福建及其邻区1~20 s的Rayleigh波和Love波群速度分布。 分辨率测试结果表明群速度分布的分辨率能达50 km。 成像结果显示1~10 s的群速度分布与地壳中上部地质特征有很好的一致性, 区内的福州盆地和漳州盆地在浅层结构中表现出明显的低速异常。 长周期的群速度则揭示了漳州西北的高地热区内中下地壳低速体, 政和-大埔断裂两侧的速度差异, 表明其可能是一个深大断裂, 并呈现明显的东西差异。  相似文献   

利用GPS和GRACE分析四川地表垂向位移变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

丁一航  黄丁发  师悦龄  姜中山  陈婷 《地球物理学报》2018,61(12):4777-4788

陆地水储量的季节性变化是导致地表周期性负荷形变位移的主要因素，有效地剔除地表位移中的陆地水储量影响，是获取地壳构造垂向运动的必要过程.四川地处青藏高原东边缘，地形分区明显，境内以长江水系为主，水资源丰富，研究四川地区地表负荷形变位移，有助于分析陆地水储量的时空分布特性及地壳构造形变信息.本文利用研究区域内59个CORS站的GPS观测数据，计算了CORS站点的垂向位移，并将其与GRACE所得相应结果进行对比分析.结果显示，GPS和GRACE所得垂向位移时间序列的振幅大小整体相符，但存在明显的相位差.GPS站点振幅最大值为12.7 mm，对应HANY站，最小值为1.5 mm，对应SCMX站.GRACE所得的地表垂向位移振幅大小均为3~4 mm，且最大位移集中出现在7-9月份；而GPS站点出现最大位移的月份和地形相关，东部盆地、西北部高原和南部山地分别出现在7-8月份、10-11月份和10月份.GPS站点时间序列中的周年项与陆地水的季节性变化强相关，为了讨论陆地水储量对GPS站点位移的影响，本文利用改进的总体经验模态分解方法（MEEMD：Modified Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition），从GPS垂向位移时间序列中提取出周年项及约2年的年际变化项.发现利用MEEMD获取的周年项改正原始GPS时间序列时可使其WRMS（Weight Root Mean Square）减少量减小约26%，结果优于最小二乘拟合方法提取的GPS周年项改正效果，验证了MEEMD方法在GPS坐标时间序列处理中的可行性及有效性.  相似文献